ࡱ> za+.( ( / 0DTimes New Roman0z[ 0DArialNew Roman0z[ 0 DMonotype Sorts0z[ 0 A .  @n?" dd@  @@`` x@   ?@ABCDE FGHIJ9KL&9M'9(;O);/558:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMOQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`/X$r$+.i TAA1@ug4BdBd z[ 0ppp@  <4!d!dL< 0R ʚ;k8ʚ;<4ddddL|- 0860___PPT10 pp___PPT9/ 0{A0}\@C:\DATA\PRESENT\temp\chapt13.htm| %A0@.(? %O =S,Bonding in MetalsZOBJECTIVES: Use the theory of metallic bonds to explain the physical properties of metals.* O $O$T-Bonding in MetalsZOBJECTIVES: Describe the arrangements of atoms in some common metallic crystal structures.* O $O$$#Metallic BondsHow atoms are held together in the solid. Metals hold on to their valence electrons very weakly. Think of them as positive ions (cations) floating in a sea of electrons:$%Sea of ElectronsIElectrons are free to move through the solid. Metals conduct electricity.JI$&$Metals are MalleableHammered into shape (bend). Also ductile - drawn into wires. Both malleability and ductility explained in terms of the mobility of the valence electrons w$"$' Malleable (% Malleable"Electrons allow atoms to slide by.)&Ionic solids are brittle *'Ionic solids are brittle&Strong Repulsion breaks crystal apart.U.Crystalline structure of metalIf the metal is made of one kind of atom (i.e. it is an element) metals are among the simplest crystals Body-centered cubic: every atom has 8 neighbors Na, K, Fe, Cr, WFhl,h$$,$8iV/Crystalline structure of metal2. Face-centered cubic: every atom has 12 neighbors Cu, Ag, Au, Al, Pb 3. Hexagonal close-packed every atom also has 12 neighbors different pattern due to hexagonal Mg, Zn, CdX/O$/$$O$,DgW0AlloysWe use lots of metals every day, but few are pure metals Alloys - mixtures of 2 or more elements, at least 1 is a metal made by melting a mixture of the ingredients, then cooling Brass: an alloy of Cu and Zn Bronze: Cu and SnB-$$$$$X1Why use alloys?Properties often superior to element Sterling silver (92.5% Ag, 7.5% Cu) is harder and more durable than pure Ag, but still soft enough to make jewelry and tableware Steels are very important alloys corrosion resistant, ductility, hardness, toughness, costB:$$$:$Y2Why use alloys?Look up alloys in your text book Types? a) substitutional alloy- the atoms in the components are about the same size b) interstitial alloy- the atomic sizes quite different; smaller atoms fit into the spaces between larger Amalgam- dental use, contains Hg@,$$9$$v$,/]^_`abcdef g h i j P  ` ̙33` 3` 3333f` 999MMM` f` f3` 3>?" dd@,?lKd@   d " @ `"  n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> K0   (     TATgֳgֳ `` U >*  ThDTgֳgֳ `  T @*  T,KTgֳgֳ `  T @*d  <' @1DD<d  <'2 @1Pl  DA190%$d  <'3 @1p   TPTgֳgֳ ` T T Click to edit Master title style! !   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'Da  ___PPT10 .+,KD* ' = @B D ' = @BA?%,( < +O%,( < +DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*!%(DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*!v%(DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*v%(DA' =%(D' =%(D' =A@BBBB0B%(D' =1:Bvisible*o3>+B#style.visibility<*%(+8+0+O +, 0 0  (   X   C     U   S #R @  U " H   0޽h ? a(80___PPT10.Z-[^- 0 @ (  X  C     U  S D.R @  U " H  0޽h ? a(80___PPT10.Z-[^# 0 P (  X  C     U  S  ?R @  U " H  0޽h ? a(80___PPT10.Z-[^ 0 ` (  X  C     U  S lR @  U " H  0޽h ? a(80___PPT10.Z-[^$ 0 p (  X  C     U  S }@BDFHJ M%O=Q.? USjOh+'0\ hp  $ 0 < HTChapter 15 - Ionic BondingDr. Stephen L. 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